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Srivastava, S. K.

Environmental Flow Requirements of River Sone: Impacts of Low Discharge on Fisheries

Abstract Views :224 | PDF Views:86

Authors

K. D. Joshi ¹, D. N. Jha ¹, A. Alam ¹, S. K. Srivastava ¹, Vijay Kumar ¹, A. P. Sharma ²

Affiliations
1 Allahabad Regional Centre, Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (ICAR), 24 Panna Lal Road, Allahabad 211 002, IN
2 Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700 120, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 107, No 3 (2014), Pagination: 478-488

Abstract

Environmental flow of the river Sone at Indrapuri barrage was estimated using 36 years discharge data and the Global Environmental Flow Calculator Software. To maintain the river in moderate condition and to keep basic ecosystem functions intact, at least 18.9% of mean annual runoff (MAR) has been estimated, while the actual discharge of the river was merely 5.16% of MAR. The river presently holds 89 fish species, but 20 species reported in an earlier study were not observed, while 14 new fish species were encountered. Sediments, water and macro-benthic biota of the river were also studied to know the effect of low discharge.

Keywords

Environmental Flow, Fish Diversity, Indrapuri Barrage, River Sone, Water Discharge.

Full Text

Revisiting Groundwater Depletion and its Implications on Farm Economics in Punjab, India

Abstract Views :264 | PDF Views:79

Authors

S. K. Srivastava ¹, Ramesh Chand ², Jaspal Singh ¹, Amrit Pal Kaur ¹, Rajni Jain ¹, I. Kingsly ¹, S. S. Raju ³

Affiliations
1 ICAR-National Institute of Agricultural Economics and Policy Research, DPS Marg, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012, IN
2 NITI Aayog, Government of India, New Delhi 110 001, IN
3 ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Visakhapatnam 530 003, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 113, No 03 (2017), Pagination: 422-429

Abstract

The study identifies factors behind the groundwater depletion in Punjab (India) and examines the economics of groundwater irrigation across farm-size categories, varied groundwater levels and energy policy scenario. The farm-level evidences point out that farmers with smaller land holdings incur 2-3 times groundwater cost than those with larger land holdings. Also, small farmers are affected more adversely due to falling groundwater level. Further, financial expenses in extracting groundwater are borne equally by the society and the farmers. The withdrawal of energy subsidy is expected to reduce net returns, but at a varying rate across different crops. However, crop cultivation would still be profitable and desubsidization will result in 29-82% savings in existing groundwater use in different crops.

Keywords

Crop Profitability, Energy Subsidy, Farm Economics, Groundwater Depletion.

Full Text

References

Sidhu, R. S., Vatta, K. and Dhaliwal, H. S., Conservation agriculture in Punjab: economic implications of technologies and practices. Indian J. Agric. Econ., 2010, 53(3), 1413–1427.

Kaur, S. and Vatta, K., Groundwater depletion in central Punjab: pattern, access and adaptations. Curr. Sci., 2015, 108(4), 485–490.

Kaur, B., Sidhu, R. S. and Vatta, K., Optimal crop plans for sustainable water use in Punjab. Agric. Econ. Res. Rev., 2010, 23, 273–284.

Sarkar, A., Scio-economic implications of depleting groundwater resources in Punjab: a comparative analysis of different irrigation systems. Econ. Polit. Wkly, 2011, 46(7), 59–66.

Srivastava, S. K. et al., Unsustainable groundwater use in Punjab agriculture: insights from cost of cultivation survey. Indian J. Agric. Econ., 2015, 70(3), 365–378.

Gupta, S., Groundwater management in alluvial areas. In Technical Paper in Special Session on Groundwater in the Fifth Asian Regional Conference on Indian National Committee on Irrigation and Drainage (INCID), New Delhi, 2009.

Srivastava, S. K., Srivastava, R. C., Sethi, R. R., Kumar, A. and Nayak, A. K., Accelerating groundwater and energy use for agricultural growth in Odisha: technological and policy issues. Agric. Econ. Res. Rev., 2014, 27(2), 259–270.

Ballabh, V., Policies of water management and sustainable water use. Indian J. Agric. Econ., 2003, 58(3), 467–476.

Ghosh, S., Srivastava, S. K., Nayak, A. K., Panda, D. K., Nanda, P. and Kumar, A., Why impacts of irrigation on agrarian dynamism and livelihoods are contrasting? Evidence from eastern India states. Irrig. Drain., 2014, 65(3), 573–583.

Sekhri, S., Sustaining groundwater: role of policy reforms in promoting conservation in India. In India Policy Forum, 2012/2013 (eds Shah, S., Bosworth, B. and Panagariya, A.), Sage Publications, New Delhi, 2013, vol. 9, pp. 149–176.

Sarkar, A. and Das, A., Groundwater irrigation–electricity–crop diversification nexus in Punjab: trends, turning points and policy initiatives. Econ. Polit. Wkly, 2014, 49(52), 64–73.

Malik, R. P. S., Energy regulations as a demand management option: potentials, problems, and prospects. In Strategic Analyses of the National River Linking Project (NRLP) of India, Series 3, Promoting Irrigation Demand Management in India: Potentials, Problems and Prospects (ed. Saleth, R. M.), International Water Management Institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 2008, pp. 71–92.

Chand, R., Emerging crisis in Punjab agriculture: Severity and options for future. Econ. Polit. Wkly, 1999, 34(13), A2–A10.

Kumar, D., Demand management in the face of growing water scarcity and conflicts in India: Institutional and policy alternatives for future. In Water Resources and Sustainable Livelihoods and Eco-System Services (eds Chopra, K., Rao, C. H. H. and Sengupta. R.), Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi, 2009, pp. 97–131.

Kulkarni, H. and Shah, M., Punjab water syndrome: diagnostics and prescriptions. Econ. Polit. Wkly., 2013, 48(52), 64–73.

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Central Groundwater Board, Dynamic Groundwater Resources of India (as on 31 March 2011). Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, Faridabad, 2014.

Government of Punjab, Punjab at a Glance (district-wise), Economic Advisor to Government of Punjab, Department of Planning, 2012.

Central Groundwater Board, Master plan for artificial recharge to groundwater in India, Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India, 2013; http://cgwb.gov.in/documents/MasterPlan2013.pdf.

Singh, K., Act to save groundwater in Punjab: its impact on water table, electricity subsidy and environment. Agric. Econ. Res. Rev., 2009. 22 (conference issue), 365–386.

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Singh, D., Who gains and who loses in the game of groundwater markets in water-scarce regions. Agric. Econ. Res. Rev., 2007, 20(2), 345–360.

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Briscoe, J. and Malik, R. P. S., India’s Water Economy: Bracing for a Turbulent Future, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2006.

Callus-Mediated Organogenesis in Lilium polyphyllum D. Don ex Royle:A Critically Endangered Astavarga Plant

Abstract Views :253 | PDF Views:87

Authors

G. S. Panwar ¹, S. K. Srivastava , P. L. Uniyal ²

Affiliations
1 Botanical Survey of India, Northern Regional Centre, Dehradun 248 195, IN
2 Department of Botany, Delhi University, New Delhi 110 021, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 113, No 05 (2017), Pagination: 946-951

Abstract

Lilium polyphyllum D. Don ex Royle (Liliaceae) is a critically endangered herbaceous perennial, commonly known as white lily or Ksheer kakoli. Bulbs of the plant are of immense medicinal use and have a stringent and anti-inflammatory properties. Over exploitation of the species from the wild and degradation of habitats are posing threats to its existence. In the present study, a protocol was standardized for micropropagation and mass multiplication of the species from scale leaves. Callusing was induced in basal MS medium containing 2,4-D (6.78 μM) and BAP(4.4 μM), where maximum effect (95.32%) was recorded. Maximum shooting (97.45%) was found in the calluses when shifted to MS medium fortified with BAP (4.4 μM), NAA (0.53 μM) and GA3 (20 ppm) with an average of 19.2 shoots/per culture. The well developed in vitro regenerated shoots were shifted to the ischolar_maining medium and 100% ischolar_maining was achieved in half-strength MS basal medium enriched with IBA(9.8 μM). The in vitro regenerated plant lets were shifted to a glasshouse for acclimatization and finally transferred to the open environment with 85% success.

Keywords

Callusing, Lilium polyphyllum, Micro-Propagation, 0rganogenesis.

Full Text

References

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Sourabh, P., Thakur, J., Uniyal, P. L. and Pandey, A. K., Biology of Lilium polyphyllum – a threatened medicinal plant. Med. Plants, 2015, 7(2), 158–166.

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Rana, M. S. and Samant, S. S., Population biology of Lilium polyphyllum D. Don ex Royle – a critically endangered medicinal plant in a protected area of northwestern Himalaya. J. Nat. Conserv., 2011, 19, 137–142.

Dhyani, A., Sharma, G., Nautiyal, B. P. and Nautiyal, M. C., Propagation and conservation of Lilium polyphyllum D. Don ex Royle. J. Appl. Res. Med. Aromat. Plants, 2014, 1, 144–147.

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Contributions of Plant Taxonomy, Herbarium and Field Germplasm Bank to Conservation of Threatened Plants:Case Studies from the Himalayas and Eastern and Western Ghats

Abstract Views :258 | PDF Views:76

Authors

K. Haridasan ¹, A. A. Mao ², M. K. Janarthanam ³, A. K. Pandey ⁴, S. K. Barik ⁵, S. K. Srivastava ⁶, P. C. Panda ⁷, Geetha Suresh ¹, S. K. Borthakur ⁸, B. K. Datta ⁹, B. Ravi Prasad Rao ¹⁰

Affiliations
1 TDU, Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions, Bengaluru 560 106, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, Shillong 793 003, IN
3 Department of Botany, Goa University, Goa 403 206, IN
4 Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, IN
5 CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI), Lucknow 226 001, IN
6 Botanical Survey of India, Dehradun 786 006, IN
7 Regional Plant Resource Centre (RPRC), Bhubaneswar 751 105, IN
8 Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781 014, IN
9 Department of Botany, Tripura University, Agartala 799 022, IN
10 Department of Botany, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515 003, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 114, No 03 (2018), Pagination: 512-518

Abstract

Conservation of biodiversity, a growing concern today, faces multiple challenges. Although ecosystem approach has been recommended as a solution, conservation of threatened species is difficult as they are spread across the ecosystems and are often restricted to microhabitats. In this article, the importance of taxonomy, herbarium and field germplasm bank in conservation of threatened species is discussed. It is concluded that individually each of these measures has important role to play in conservation. They also complement each other in reversing the threat perspective of the species.

Keywords

Biodiversity, Conservation, Germplasm Bank, Herbarium, Taxonomy.

Full Text

References

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Agriculture Development-Based Mapping of Agro-Ecological Sub-Regions and its Implications for Doubling Farmers’ Income in India

Abstract Views :226 | PDF Views:73

Authors

S. K. Srivastava ¹, N. P. Singh ², Jaspal Singh ¹, K. V. Rao ³, S. J. Balaji ²

Affiliations
1 National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog), New Delhi 110 001, IN
2 ICAR-National Institute of Agricultural Economics and Policy Research, New Delhi 110 012, IN
3 ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500 059, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 117, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 282-287

Abstract

Prioritizing and targeting less developed regions is one of the multi-pronged strategies for doubling farmers’ income (DFI) in India. Using an indicator approach, the present study assessed and mapped agro-ecological sub-regions (AESRs) based on ten indicators representing production, infrastructure, information, marketing and income of the farmers. On the basis of the composite index of agriculture development, AESR 9.1 and AESR 1.1 were found to be the most and the least developed regions respectively. Further, the potential districts for each of the less-developed AESRs have been identified for greater prudency in planning. The study concludes that for achieving the target of DFI within the stipulated time-frame, it is imperative to mainstream AESR-based planning in technological development and dissemination. The evidences revealed large and equitable response of the efforts targeted towards less-developed regions.

Keywords

Agro-Ecological Sub-Regions, Agricultural Development, Characterization and Mapping, Doubling Farmers’ Income.

Full Text

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New Farm Acts, 2020: Rationale and Challenges

Abstract Views :267 | PDF Views:84

Authors

S. K. Srivastava ¹, Raka Saxena ¹

Affiliations
1 ICAR-National Institute of Agricultural Economics and Policy Research, New Delhi 110 012, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 120, No 6 (2021), Pagination: 981-988

Abstract

The recent development agenda in agriculture aims towards making the sector remunerative, competitive and sustainable through accelerating ongoing transformation and addressing the emerging challenges. The enactment of new farm Acts, 2020 has led to an intense debate with arguments both in favour and against their likely implications on farmers’ welfare and the agricultural sector. This article evidently examines the rationality of enacting new farm Acts, and discusses critical issues for their effective implementation and realizing the intended benefits. These Acts aim to create an ecosystem for efficient and competitive marketing and foster investment in post-production stages. Realization of intended benefits requires strengthening of aggregating institutions like farmer producer organizations, creating enabling conditions for competition between Agricultural Produce Marketing Committee (APMC) mandis and outside trade, and developing an effective market intelligence and price information system for efficient price discovery outside APMCs.

Keywords

Agriculture, Challenges, Critical Issues, Farm Acts.

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Challenges and issues of groundwater management in India

Abstract Views :150 | PDF Views:81

Authors

Vagish Vandana Pandey ¹, K. M. Singh ², Nasim Ahmad ³, S. K. Srivastava ⁴

Affiliations
1 Inter Public Group, Mediabrands, Mumbai 400 072, India, IN
2 PG College of Agriculture, Dr Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur 848 125, India, IN
3 Department of Agricultural Economics, Dr Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur 848 125, India, IN
4 ICAR-National Institute of Agricultural Economics and Policy Research, New Delhi 110 012, India, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 123, No 7 (2022), Pagination: 856-864

Abstract

This study reviews groundwater status and management based on the existing literature regarding its resource endowment, hydrogeology, challenges and issues of management and policy suggestions for India. Efficient management requires decoupling groundwater rights from land-ownership rights, changes in electricity pricing and metering, aquifer-based plans for storage and replenishment, and empowerment of participatory irrigation management for local management. Issues of water–food–energy nexus, climate change, carbon footprint of groundwater extraction and virtual water trade are also important for ensuring sustainable management of groundwater resources

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Observed vis-à-vis projected crops yield in India in the context of climate change

Abstract Views :120 | PDF Views:87

Authors

Nalini Ranjan Kumar ¹, Shilpi Kapoor ¹, S. K. Srivastava ¹, Naveen P. Singh ²

Affiliations
1 ICAR-National Institute of Agricultural Economics and Policy Re-search, New Delhi 110 012, India, IN
2 Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi 110 012, India, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 124, No 1 (2023), Pagination: 18-25

Abstract

Agriculture is the most weather-dependent human activity and hence climate change significantly impacts agricultural productivity. In the present study, an attempt has been made to review the existing literature to document and assess the projected crops yield vis-à-vis actual yield of various crops in India. It has been found that most of the studies have projected decline in yield of crops due to climate change up to 2020 and in future. However, actual yield of various crops in India has shown increasing trend till date. Adaptation measures like the release and adoption of new varieties of crops and increase in area under irrigation, use of more chemicals and fertilizers, improved mechanization of agricultural operations, etc. have contributed in enhancing the crop yield. Thus, such measures should be strengthened by the Government for sustainable agriculture

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